Whether it is a question of energy supply from Russia, exports to China, trade surpluses with the United States or the Europeans, or the inadequacy of its military budgets, Berlin seems fairly far from the image that it wants to project of a power guided by rules.

Hans Stark is a  Professor of Contemporary German Civilization in 2012 at the University Paris 3 Sorbonne-Nouvelle, and a Counselor on Franco-German relations at Ifri.

Article published in Politique étrangère, Vol. 86, No. 3, Autumn 2021.