One and a half months after the first cases in North and Southern Africa, COVID-19 is now present in all countries. South of the Sahara, the pandemic affects countries with weak health systems and containment measures are not sustainable over time, especially for the most economically fragile populations. A number of points of attention must be closely monitored to, if not predict, at least imagine the possible health, economic, and political effects of COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa, both in the short and medium term.