Read full text in French (pdf - 40k)AbstractTen years after the murder of Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, the Israeli society is still deeply divided. Three fracture lines are analyzed in this article. The ethnic fracture sheds light on the paradox of immigration in Israel. The religious fracture concerns the very nature of the Hebrew State. The third fracture, the political one, was exacerbated by the withdrawal from the Gaza strip. The destabilizing potential of these three elements is particularly frightening.